Dengler Images

Backyard observations of a blue dasher

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People think you have to travel far to find interesting subjects for nature photography. That’s not true. In this case, I wanted to test a new video recorder monitor and simply took my gear out into the backyard and spent a few minutes filming a male blue dasher (Pachydiplax longipennis) dragonfly. 

The blue dasher, technically a skimmer, is one of the most common dragonflies in North America. Their favorite perches are on plants leaning over slow-moving or calm water like my small backyard pond.

The blue dasher hunts by keeping still, waiting for flying insects to come close by. When an unsuspecting insect does, the blue dasher will suddenly dart from its position to catch it. Blue dashers are voracious eaters, consuming hundreds of small insects a day.

In the video, you will notice the blue dasher in what is known as the obelisk posture where it raises its abdomen vertically. It is believed this posture is a response to heat. 

The coolest thing though in my short time watching the dragonfly was seeing its abdomen pulsate with each breath it took. I thought that was pretty amazing.

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Lawsuit filed over Palmer Deposit mine exploration near Chilkat River bald eagle preserve

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A bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) drags a chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) onto the gravel bar of the Chilkat River in the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve near Haines, Alaska. During late fall, bald eagles congregate along the Chilkat River to feed on salmon. This gathering of bald eagles in the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve is believed to be one of the largest gatherings of bald eagles in the world. The preserve is located downstream of where Constantine Metal Resources, Ltd. is exploring an area known as the Palmer Deposit as a location for a hardrock mine. (John L. Dengler)

The conflict over establishing a hardrock mine near the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve near Haines, Alaska took a new turn recently with the filing of a lawsuit by an Alaska Native Tlingit tribe and three environmental groups. The group is suing the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), saying that the agency granted mineral exploration permits at the Palmer Deposit without considering how a mine could affect the Chilkat River’s salmon and the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve.

Joining the Tlingit village of Klukwan in the lawsuit against the BLM are the Southeast Alaska Conservation Council (SEACC), Lynn Canal Conservation and Rivers Without Borders. They are represented by Earthjustice, a nonprofit environmental law firm. The group is asking for permits to be revoked.

“We have strongly objected to BLM’s permitting process as it does not take into account the environmental risks from a fully operating hardrock mine.  Hardrock mining is a threat to our Chilkat wild stock salmon and the sustainability of our community.  All five species of wild Pacific Salmon, as well as Steelhead, and Dolly Varden inhabit the watershed.  It continues to feed our people as it has for thousands of years” said Kimberley Strong, Tribal President of the Chilkat Indian Village of Klukwan in a press release announcing the lawsuit.

The conflict over putting in a hardrock mine near the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve near Haines, Alaska took a new turn recently with the filing of a lawsuit by an Alaska Native Tlingit tribe and three environmental groups. The group is suing the Bureau of Land Management, saying that the agency granted mineral exploration permits without considering how a mine could affect the Chilkat River's salmon and the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve. Joining the Tlingit village of Klukwan in the lawsuit against the Bureau of Land Management are the Southeast Alaska Conservation Council, Lynn Canal Conservation and Rivers Without Borders. They are represented by Earthjustice, a nonprofit environmental law firm. The group is asking for mining permits to be revoked. Constantine Metal Resources Ltd. of Vancouver, British Columbia along with investment partner Dowa Metals & Mining Co., Ltd. of Japan is exploring a potential site, known as the Palmer Deposit for a mine (located upper center right) just above Glacier Creek (not visible) and the Klehini River (foreground). Pictured in the rear of the photo is Saksaia Glacier. Support for a large scale mine is divided among residents of Haines. The community’s needed economic boost from jobs that a large-scale mine brings is tempting to some. To others, anything that might put the salmon spawning and rearing habitat and watershed resources at risk is simply unimaginable and unacceptable. Of particular concern is copper and other heavy metals in mine waste leaching into the Klehini River (shown) and the Chilkat River 14 miles downstream. Copper and heavy metals are toxic to salmon and bald eagles. The Chilkat River chum salmon are the primary food source for one of the largest gatherings of bald eagles in the world. Each fall, bald eagles congregate in the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve, located only three miles downriver from the area of current exploration. (John L. Dengler)

Constantine Metal Resources Ltd. of Vancouver, British Columbia along with investment partner Dowa Metals & Mining Co., Ltd. of Japan are exploring a potential site for a mine just above Glacier Creek and the Klehini River near the British Columbia border. This area (center, on the mountainside in the above photo) is known as the Palmer Deposit. The river at the bottom of the photo is the Klehini River, a tributary of the Chilkat River. The minerals that Constantine’s drilling explorations have found are primarily copper and zinc, with significant amounts of gold and silver. Exploratory drilling to refine the location and mineral amounts are the current focus of the company.

The conflict over putting in a hard-rock mine near the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve near Haines, Alaska took a new turn recently with the filing of a lawsuit by an Alaska Native Tlingit tribe and three environmental groups. The group is suing the Bureau of Land Management, saying that the agency granted mineral exploration permits without considering how a mine could affect the Chilkat River's salmon and the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve. Constantine Metal Resources Ltd. of Vancouver, British Columbia along with investment partner Dowa Metals & Mining Co., Ltd. of Japan is exploring a potential site for a mine (located on the upper left side of image) just above Glacier Creek (foreground) and the Klehini River (right side of image). The border with British Columbia is at the upper right. The area above Glacier Greek, known as the Palmer Deposit is located near mile 40 of the Haines Highway. The minerals that Constantine’s drilling explorations have found are primarily copper and zinc, with significant amounts of gold and silver. Support for a large scale mine such as the Constantine project is divided among residents of Haines, a small community in Southeast Alaska 75 miles northwest of Juneau. The community’s needed economic boost from jobs, development and other mine support that a large-scale mine brings is tempting to some. To others, anything that might put the salmon spawning and rearing habitat and watershed resources at risk is simply unimaginable and unacceptable. Of particular concern is copper and other heavy metals in mine waste leaching into the Klehini River (shown) and the Chilkat River 14 miles downstream. Copper and heavy metals are toxic to salmon and bald eagles. The Chilkat River chum salmon are the primary food source for one of the largest gatherings of bald eagles in the world. Each fall, bald eagles congregate in the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve, located only three miles downriver from the area of current exploration. (© John L. Dengler/Dengler Images)

If approved and developed, the mine, near Haines, Alaska would be an underground mine, desirable because of the nearby highway access for transporting ore to the deepwater port at Haines. The Haines Highway can be seen on the right in the photo above. Also pictured is the area of exploration on the mountainside in the above photo(upper left area of photo), Glacier Creek (along the bottom of the photo) and the Klehini River (right side of the photo).

Community conflicted over Palmer Deposit exploration

Support for a large scale mine, such as Constantine’s Palmer Project, is divided among residents of Haines, a small community in Southeast Alaska 75 miles northwest of Juneau. The community’s needed economic boost from jobs, development and other mine support that a large-scale mine brings is tempting to some. To others, anything that might put the salmon spawning and rearing habitat and watershed resources at risk is simply unimaginable and unacceptable. Of particular concern is copper and other heavy metals in mine waste leaching into the Klehini River (shown) and the Chilkat River 14 miles downstream. Copper and heavy metals are toxic to salmon and bald eagles.

The Associated Press reported that Liz Cornejo, Constantine’s vice president for community and external affairs, stated the company is reviewing the lawsuit but she had no immediate additional comment.

The Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve near Haines, Alaska is the location of one of the largest gatherings of bald eagles in the world each fall. In this photo, nearly 60 bald eagles can be seen in the cottonwood trees along the Chilkat River at the confluence with the Tsirku River. The 48,000 acre area was designated as a preserve in 1982. The preserve is located downstream of where Constantine Metal Resources, Ltd. is exploring an area known as the Palmer Deposit as a location for a hardrock mine. (John L. Dengler)

The Chilkat River chum salmon are the primary food source for one of the largest gatherings of bald eagles in the world. Each fall, bald eagles congregate in the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve, located only three miles downriver from the area of current exploration.

Male chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) make their way up the special spawning channel of Herman Creek to spawn with female chum salmon during the fall chum salmon run. The nonprofit Northern Southeast Regional Aquaculture Association, Inc. (NSRAA) built the channel to collect wild broodstock by harvesting spawning female and male salmon for their eggs and milt. These chum salmon are returning to freshwater Herman Creek near Haines, Alaska after three to five years in the saltwater ocean. Spawning only once, chum salmon die approximately two weeks after they spawn. Both sexes of adult chum salmon change colors and appearance upon returning to freshwater. Unlike male sockeye salmon which turn bright red for spawning, male chum salmon change color to an olive green with purple and green vertical stripes. These vertical stripes are not as noticeable in females, who also have a dark horizontal band. Both male and female chum salmon develop hooked snout (type) and large canine teeth. These features in female salmon are less pronounced. Herman Creek is a tributary of the Klehini River and is only 10 miles downstream of the area currently being explored, known as the Palmer Deposit, as a potential site of a copper and zinc mine. The exploration is being conducted by Constantine Metal Resources Ltd. of Vancouver, British Columbia along with investment partner Dowa Metals & Mining Co., Ltd. of Japan. Some local residents and environmental groups are concerned that a mine might threaten the area’s salmon. Of particular concern is copper and other heavy metals, found in mine waste, leaching into the Klehini River and the Chilkat River further downstream. Copper and heavy metals are toxic to salmon and bald eagles. Chilkat River and Klehini River chum salmon are the primary food source for one of the largest gatherings of bald eagles in the world. Each fall, bald eagles congregate in the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve, located only three miles downriver from the area of current exploration. (© John L. Dengler/Dengler Images)

The conflict over putting in a hard-rock mine near the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve near Haines, Alaska took a new turn recently with the filing of a lawsuit by an Alaska Native Tlingit tribe and three environmental groups. The group is suing the Bureau of Land Management, saying that the agency granted mineral exploration permits without considering how a mine could affect the Chilkat River's salmon and the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve. Joining the Tlingit village of Klukwan in the lawsuit against the Bureau of Land Management are the Southeast Alaska Conservation Council, Lynn Canal Conservation and Rivers Without Borders. They are represented by Earthjustice, a nonprofit environmental law firm. The group is asking for mining permits to be revoked. Constantine Metal Resources Ltd. of Vancouver, British Columbia along with investment partner Dowa Metals & Mining Co., Ltd. of Japan is exploring a potential site for a mine, known as the Palmer Deposit, (located upper right) just above Glacier Creek (not visible) and the Klehini River (foreground). Support for a large scale mine is divided among residents of Haines. The community’s needed economic boost from jobs that a large-scale mine brings is tempting to some. To others, anything that might put the salmon spawning and rearing habitat and watershed resources at risk is simply unimaginable and unacceptable. Of particular concern is copper and other heavy metals in mine waste leaching into the Klehini River (shown) and the Chilkat River 14 miles downstream. Copper and heavy metals are toxic to salmon and bald eagles. The Chilkat River chum salmon are the primary food source for one of the largest gatherings of bald eagles in the world. Each fall, bald eagles congregate in the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve, located only three miles downriver from the area of current exploration. (© John L. Dengler/Dengler Images)

Late fall view of the Klehini River (foreground). The snow-covered mountainside in the upper right is above Glacier Creek, a tributary of the Klehini River. Palmer Deposit explorations have been taking place on that mountainside.

The conflict over putting in a hard-rock mine near the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve near Haines, Alaska took a new turn recently with the filing of a lawsuit by an Alaska Native Tlingit tribe and three environmental groups. The group is suing the Bureau of Land Management, saying that the agency granted mineral exploration permits without considering how a mine could affect the Chilkat River's salmon and the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve. Constantine Metal Resources and investment partner Dowa Metals & Mining Co., Ltd. of Japan are exploring a potential site for a mine on the steep mountain slopes pictured above Glacier Creek. This area is known as the Palmer Deposit. Joining the Tlingit village of Klukwan in the lawsuit against the Bureau of Land Management are the Southeast Alaska Conservation Council, Lynn Canal Conservation and Rivers Without Borders. They are represented by Earthjustice, a nonprofit environmental law firm. The group is asking for mining permits to be revoked. In August 2015, Constantine Metal Resources Ltd. of Vancouver, British Columbia submitted a plan with the BLM to extend their existing access road by 2.5 miles including a switchback road leading to a staging area at the 800 ft. level on the side of the 1,700 ft. mountainside (left). A proposed bridge crossing Glacier Creek would be located in the shadow area in the lower center of the photo with a switchback road leading from the Glacier Creek to the staging area for helicopter and ground-supported activities on the left. The road would also provide access for up to 40 new exploration drill sites. Pictured in the background is the Klehini River. A map showing exactly how this road would appear can be found here: https://eplanning.blm.gov/epl-front-office/projects/nepa/54990/65845/71485/Figure_6.4_accessible.pdf The group suing is concerned that copper and other heavy metals in mine waste might leech into the nearby Klehini River and the Chilkat River, 14 miles downstream. (© John L. Dengler/Dengler Images)

In August 2015, Constantine Metal Resources Ltd. of Vancouver, British Columbia submitted a plan with the BLM to extend their existing access road by 2.5 miles including a switchback road leading to a staging area at the 800 ft. level on the side of the 1,700 ft. mountainside (left). A proposed bridge crossing Glacier Creek would be located in the shadow area in the lower center of the photo with a switchback road leading from the Glacier Creek to the staging area for helicopter and ground-supported activities on the left. The road would also provide access for up to 40 new exploration drill sites. Pictured in the background is the Klehini River. A map showing exactly how this road would appear can be found here

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Grizzly bear saliva collection research project update

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Rachel Wheat, a graduate student at the University of California Santa Cruz, takes a bear saliva DNA sample from a partially consumed salmon on the banks of the man-made spawning channel of Herman Creek, near Haines, Alaska. Wheat is collecting DNA samples of bears from bear saliva left on salmon carcasses as part of research for her doctoral dissertation. She hopes to determine if partially-consumed salmon carcasses can serve as a viable source for bear DNA to genotype individuals. She also looking to determine a minimum population estimate for the number of bears using the Chilkoot Valley and the ratio of males to females, particularly in light of increase human presence. The bear DNA collection is part of her dissertation which looks at how the availability of salmon affects eagle movement, bear activity, and subsistence fishermen. EDITORS NOTE: Images of Wheat capturing bald eagles for the bald eagle portion of her study are available here: http://denglerimages.photoshelter.com/gallery/Bald-eagle-research-Chilkat-River-eagle-migration-study/G0000GTyPvah7eiQ/ During late fall, bald eagles congregate along the Chilkat River to feed on salmon. This gathering of bald eagles in the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve is believed to be one of the largest gatherings of bald eagles in the world. (© John L. Dengler/Dengler Images)

Remember when I photographed the ecologist collecting grizzly bear saliva DNA left on partially-consumed salmon carcasses? Well, Dr. Rachel Wheat recently had her findings from that research project published. Wheat’s research found collecting salivary environmental DNA (eDNA) in this noninvasive manner is effective in results, time in the field and cost over other methods like having to trap a bear. Wheat believes this research will be useful in studying population densities, movement and feeding behavior.

The research and methodology is interesting. Read her paper, Environmental DNA from Residual Saliva for Efficient Noninvasive Genetic Monitoring of Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) for details.

If you missed it, check out my original blog post and photos of her project, Collecting DNA samples from grizzly bear saliva, SAY WHAT?

Congratulations Rachel!

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Greater sage-grouse symphony

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Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) gather on a lek during an early morning sunrise in south-central Wyoming. Greater sage-grouse are a lekking species. They gather at the same lek, year over year, where males put on elaborate mating displays for the attention of females. During courtship strutting displays, the males fan their starburst-like tail feathers behind them. They also make a large popping sound, created when they puff up their chests and inflate and deflate their large yellow throat sacs. Greater sage-grouse are the largest native grouse in North America, typically 30 inches in length and up to 2 feet tall. Males can weigh 4-5 pounds with hens weighing 2-3 pounds They are omnivores, eating primarily sagebrush, other soft plants and insects. Considered a keystone species for the sagebrush ecosystem, greater sage-grouse cannot live in areas without sagebrush.. The ground-dwelling birds are found in the sagebrush ecosystems of the western United States and southern Alberta and Saskatchewan in Canada. In 2015, the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service determined that protection for the greater sage-grouse under the Endangered Species Act was no longer warranted and withdrew the species from the candidate species list. (© John L. Dengler/Dengler Images)

One of my favorite things about photographing greater sage-grouse is the sound they make. It’s an indescribable other-worldly popping sound created when they inflate and deflate their big yellow throat sacs.

What I love about the experience is the anticipation of the greater sage-grouse arrival. It’s pitch black with another hour before the sun even begins to rise. The only sound I hear at that time of the morning is the blind being rattled occasionally by gentle morning wind. I wait and wait in the tight space of the 4’x4’x4′ blind. It isn’t long before, my leg or foot starts to tingle and fall asleep. Suddenly, I hear, but still can’t see because of the darkness, the first sage-grouse announcing its presence on the lek. Usually, that bird is the dominant male who typically is the first to arrive and the last to leave the lek. He does this to claim and protect his prime spot located at the center of the lek.

A few more minutes pass and the flapping of wings announce the arrival of more sage-grouse. Once they join in the vocalization there is complete audio chaos.

If I’m lucky, I’m treated to a ‘symphony’ made up of sounds from not only the greater sage-grouse but animals like song birds or coyotes.

Here is a one-minute recording I made at a greater sage-grouse lek in Wyoming that captured a portion of this symphony. I call it Sage-Grouse Symphony for the Coyote. To appreciate this recording, YOU REALLY need to listen through either earbuds, headphones, or desktop speakers. Trust me — your mobile phone speaker isn’t going to cut it. Enjoy!

(Recording © 2016 John L. Dengler)

ABOVE: Greater sage-grouse gather on a lek at early sunrise in south-central Wyoming.

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